Signals as source-target loops

TH2 polarization signal for IgE class switching, alternatively activated macrophages, and barrier allergy

Inflammatory integrator linking acute phase response, fever, TH17 skewing, and metabolic stress

Resolution cytokine that restrains antigen presentation, macrophage activation, and tissue damage

High-leverage inflammatory amplifier for endothelial activation, granuloma biology, and tissue injury

Inflammasome-linked alarm cytokine for fever, pain, neutrophil recruitment, and metabolic inflammation

Barrier defense cytokine that recruits neutrophils and amplifies epithelial antimicrobial programs

Epithelial and stromal alarmin that lowers type 2 activation thresholds

Type 1 cytokine for macrophage activation, intracellular pathogen defense, and cytotoxic immune pressure

Eosinophil survival and recruitment cytokine in type 2 immune ecology

Type 2 tissue remodeling cytokine for mucus, barrier repair, fibrosis drift, and airway reactivity

Tolerance and remodeling cytokine linking Tregs, fibrosis, epithelial restraint, and TH17 context

Epithelial alarmin that primes type 2 immunity through dendritic cells, mast cells, and ILC2s

Myeloid survival and activation factor connecting barrier inflammation, dendritic cells, and macrophage tone

Neutrophil recruitment chemokine linking epithelial alarm to acute innate trafficking