IMMUNE OS ATLASby AllerimSign in

cytokine

IFN-gamma

Type 1 cytokine for macrophage activation, intracellular pathogen defense, and cytotoxic immune pressure

TH1macrophageintracellular pathogenscytotoxicity

Review layer

Last reviewed 2026-05-17

conceptualeducational

Systems teaching draft. Content is structured for education and graph expansion, with formal source tagging ready for the next review pass.

Provenance layer

External context

static reviewed map

Curated external IDs add pathway and protein context around Atlas content. They do not update the graph automatically and they are not patient-specific interpretation.

State signature

Systems profile

Inflammation52
Tolerance45
Metabolism54
Tissue62
Neuroimmune38
Chronicity48

System effects

Primary mapped axes from existing Atlas data.

Interpretive

Tissue

Moderate 62

Organ, barrier, stromal, vascular, or local niche behavior.

MHC upregulationgranuloma supportchemokine gradientsbarrier inflammation

Metabolism

Light 54

Energy allocation, glycolysis, mitochondrial strain, lipid signaling, or nutrient-sensitive behavior.

pushes macrophages toward inflammatory glycolysis and antimicrobial nitrogen/oxygen programs

Inflammation

Light 52

Inflammatory alarm, recruitment, mediator release, or tissue-damaging amplification.

TH1macrophageintracellular pathogenscytotoxicity

Cascade viewer

Source → signal → tissue behavior

Sources

T cell subsets
NK cells

Signal

IFN-gamma

Targets and effects

macrophages
epithelium
endothelium
MHC upregulation
granuloma support
related: IL-10related: TNF-alpharelated: GM-CSF

Graph neighborhood

Direct relationships

Full graph
IFN-gamma->activates->Macrophage

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

TH1 macrophage activation

IFN-gamma->promotes->TH1 Cell

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

IFN-gamma reinforces TH1 polarization and macrophage-activating context

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

Cytotoxic T cells produce IFN-gamma during antiviral and tumor responses

TH1 Cell->secretes->IFN-gamma

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

TH1 cells are a major helper source of IFN-gamma

Context link: no causal arrow.

IFN-gamma anchors TH1, cytotoxic, macrophage-activating antiviral and intracellular pathogen programs

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

NK cells are early IFN-gamma producers during viral and tumor surveillance responses

Cytokine ecology

Signal Role

IFN-gamma coordinates TH1 and cytotoxic immunity, increasing antigen presentation and macrophage antimicrobial programs.

Pathway

IFNGRJAK1/JAK2STAT1IRF1

Source Cells

Target Cells

macrophagesepitheliumendotheliumdendritic cellstumor cells

Inflammatory Role

Raises antigen presentation, macrophage killing, chemokine production, and cytotoxic immune tone.

Regulatory Role

Supports pathogen containment and anti-tumor surveillance.

Tissue Effects

MHC upregulationgranuloma supportchemokine gradientsbarrier inflammation

Metabolic Effects

pushes macrophages toward inflammatory glycolysis and antimicrobial nitrogen/oxygen programs

Nervous System Interactions

can contribute to neuroinflammatory activation and fatigue states

Related Loops

IL-12 -> IFN-gammaIFN-gamma -> macrophage activation -> IL-12