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cell

Innate Lymphoid Cell

Tissue-resident innate lymphocyte family that mirrors helper T-cell programs without antigen-specific receptors

ILCbarrierILC2ILC3tissue resident

Review layer

Last reviewed 2026-05-17

conceptualeducational

Systems teaching draft. Content is structured for education and graph expansion, with formal source tagging ready for the next review pass.

State signature

Systems profile

Inflammation52
Tolerance45
Metabolism54
Tissue88
Neuroimmune38
Chronicity48

System effects

Primary mapped axes from existing Atlas data.

Interpretive

Tissue

High 88

Organ, barrier, stromal, vascular, or local niche behavior.

GutLungSkinAdipose

Metabolism

Light 54

Energy allocation, glycolysis, mitochondrial strain, lipid signaling, or nutrient-sensitive behavior.

rapid cytokine effector metabolismfatty acid use in ILC2 contextstissue nutrient sensing

Inflammation

Light 52

Inflammatory alarm, recruitment, mediator release, or tissue-damaging amplification.

IFN-gammaIL-5IL-13amphiregulin

Local map

Relationship field

Arrows point from the upstream source toward the receiving target. Restraint edges use a bar; association edges stay dashed because they are not causal arrows.

Innate Lymphoid Cell
IL-33IL-13

Selected relationship

Activation

IL-33 activates ILC2-type barrier responses with IL-5, IL-13, and amphiregulin output

Read as source increases target activity, recruitment, or threshold crossing.

What this relationship means

Read this as IL-33 influencing Innate Lymphoid Cell; the arrow names the direction, while the details explain the likely system domain.

Effect of source

IL-33 is the upstream signal or context.

Effect on target

Innate Lymphoid Cell is the receiving node whose behavior may shift.

Use with caution

Use this as a map-reading aid, not as diagnosis, triage, treatment guidance, or a risk score.

System effect

IL-33 influences Innate Lymphoid Cell; the axes below show which mapped systems carry that relationship.

Activation effect

Inflammation

Light 52

Inflammatory alarm, recruitment, mediator release, or tissue-damaging amplification.

IFN-gammaIL-5+21 more

Tissue

High 88

Organ, barrier, stromal, vascular, or local niche behavior.

GutLung+14 more

Metabolism

Light 54

Energy allocation, glycolysis, mitochondrial strain, lipid signaling, or nutrient-sensitive behavior.

rapid cytokine effector metabolismfatty acid use in ILC2 contexts+2 more

Axes are mapped cues from Atlas data, not clinical predictions.

Evidence context

Curated edge, reviewed endpoints, and mapped external anchors.

Atlas edge
IL-33 - reviewed 2026-05-17 - well-supportedInnate Lymphoid Cell - reviewed 2026-05-17 - conceptual1 external anchor
UniProthigh

Interleukin-33

O95760 - checked 2026-06-28

Graph neighborhood

Direct relationships

Full graph

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

IL-33 activates ILC2-type barrier responses with IL-5, IL-13, and amphiregulin output

Arrow shows upstream source toward receiving target.

ILC2 programs can produce IL-13 during alarmin-rich allergic and repair states

Network behavior

Systems Overview

Innate lymphoid cells sense epithelial and cytokine cues and rapidly produce type 1, type 2, or type 3 cytokines, shaping barrier defense, allergy, repair, and mucosal ecology.

Lineage

Origin

HSC -> common lymphoid progenitor -> innate lymphoid progenitor -> ILC1, ILC2, ILC3, or NK-like states

Transcription factors: ID2, T-bet, GATA3, RORγt, PLZF

Lifecycle Visualizer

weeks

ILC commitment

Innate lymphoid fate

ID2IL-7

developmental-weeks

Tissue seeding

Barrier-resident niche

local cytokineschemokines

hours

Rapid activation

Cytokine release

IL-33IL-25IL-23

days-weeks

Plasticity or resolution

Context-dependent ILC state shift

T-betGATA3RORγt

Activation and Suppression

Activators

IL-33IL-25TSLPIL-12IL-18IL-23microbial metabolitesneuropeptides

Suppressors

IL-10Tregstype I interferons in ILC2 contextsSCFAsresolution mediators

Surface and Secreted Signals

Surface markers

CD127/IL-7RCD45CRTH2 on ILC2ST2NKp44 variableKLRG1

Secretions

Metabolic State

Programs

rapid cytokine effector metabolismfatty acid use in ILC2 contextstissue nutrient sensing

Acute: Barrier cytokines rapidly trigger cytokine release without antigen-specific priming.

Chronic: Persistent alarmins or dysbiosis can keep ILC programs active and remodel tissue.

Tissue Roles

gut: ILC3 IL-22 supports barrier integrity; dysregulation can amplify inflammation.

lung: ILC2 produces IL-5/IL-13 during alarmin-rich allergy or repair responses.

skin: Supports barrier defense, itch/type 2 loops, and repair.

adipose: ILC2-like programs can support type 2 metabolic homeostasis.

lymphoid: Participates in tissue organization and barrier immune tone.

Disease Associations

asthmaallergic rhinitisIBDpsoriasis-like inflammationhelminth defensebarrier repair

Clinical Pearls

  • ILCs are the fast tissue version of helper logic: TH1-like, TH2-like, or TH17-like without TCR specificity.
  • ILC2s help explain allergy and repair before adaptive memory fully enters the loop.
  • ILC3s link microbiome and epithelial IL-22 biology to barrier resilience.