IMMUNE OSby Allerim

tissue

Spleen Immune Ecosystem

Blood-filtering immune organ coordinating encapsulated-bacteria defense, red-pulp macrophages, marginal-zone B cells, and systemic inflammatory surveillance

blood filtermarginal zoneencapsulated bacteriamacrophagecomplement

Review layer

Last reviewed 2026-05-17

conceptualeducational

Systems teaching draft. Content is structured for education and graph expansion, with formal source tagging ready for the next review pass.

State signature

Systems profile

Inflammation86
Tolerance45
Metabolism54
Tissue62
Neuroimmune38
Chronicity48

Tissue ecosystem

Spatial immune niche

niche

Spleen

Barrier

red pulp cordsmarginal zonewhite pulp follicles

Cells

macrophagesmarginal zone B cellsT cell subsetsdendritic cells

Cytokines

IL-6TNF-alphaIL-10BAFF

Neuroimmune

sympathetic splenic nerve signalingvagal-splenic inflammatory reflex modelsstress-linked leukocyte mobilization

Graph neighborhood

Direct relationships

Full graph

Splenic marginal-zone and follicular programs support blood-borne antigen responses

Red-pulp macrophages filter blood, recycle iron, and participate in systemic inflammatory surveillance

Immune niche

Tissue Ecology

The spleen monitors blood-borne antigen, clears damaged erythrocytes, supports marginal-zone antibody responses, and buffers systemic inflammation through macrophage, complement, B-cell, and vascular compartments.

Dominant immune cells

macrophagesmarginal zone B cellsT cell subsetsdendritic cellsplasma cells

Barrier systems

red pulp cordsmarginal zonewhite pulp folliclessplenic vascular filtering

Microbiome interactions

bloodstream microbial exposure drives rapid splenic antibody responsesgut-derived inflammatory tone can alter splenic myeloid output

Neuroimmune interactions

sympathetic splenic nerve signalingvagal-splenic inflammatory reflex modelsstress-linked leukocyte mobilization

Cytokine environment

Metabolic conditions

iron recyclingerythrocyte turnoverhigh phagocytic loadacute systemic inflammatory demand